Precision Nutrition Approach For Prevention and Management of Obesity
No Thumbnail Available
Date
2024-03
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Avinashilingam
Abstract
In the recent years, there has been a growing interest to utilise the precision nutrition
approach for the prevention, management and treatment of obesity, which takes into
consideration the interaction between food and the human and microbial genome. It is quite
evident that awareness and popularity about genetic testing for personalised nutrition is
gaining momentum. Consumer attitudes and perceptions towards genetic testing to determine
the risks of a predisposition to various diseases have already been examined by several
studies, consumer acceptance of personalised nutrition have not been studied in the Indian
population till date. In phase one of the study, Consumer acceptance of genetic testing and
the responses towards perceived advantages of receiving DNA based dietary advice were
ease of understanding and specificity of the diet advice, which was the most frequently
reported theme (57.5%), followed by more personalised and enjoyable (22.4%) and reduced
costs due to disease prevention (20.1%). The study concluded that individuals were
optimistic and perceived many advantages of nutrigenetic testing. The study populations was
optimistic and were willing to adopt genetic tests for personalised nutrition recommendations.
In phase two of the study, we compared the differences in anthropometric measurements,
dietary intake and dietary adherence among standard generic dietary advice, personalized
nutrition advice based on nutrigenetic variations and the precision nutrition advice based on
nutrigenetic variations and gut microbiome profiling. A statistically significant increase in the
Bacteroidetes genus was observed in the personalized nutrition group (p = .04). The change
(delta) values in gut microbiome composition in personalized nutrition group were
significantly higher at the end of 90 days. Gut microbiome-based personalized microbiome
modulation through diet significantly improves gut microbiome profiles among obese
individuals. Further need studies are needed with larger sample size to validate these study
findings and long-term follow-up.
Description
Keywords
Food Science and Nutrition