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Browsing Journal Article by Author "Ambiga Devi, P"
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- ItemAcceptance of Mobile Banking among Customers: An Empirical Investigation in Coimbatore(2013) Ambiga Devi, PMobile banking is an application o f mobile computing which provides customers with the support needed to be able to bank anywhere, anytime using a mobile handheld device and a mobile service such as text messaging (SMS). Mobile banking removes space and time limitations from {banking activities such as checking account balances, or transferring money from one account to another. Mobile banking (also known as M-Banking and SMS Banking etc.) is a term used for performing balance checks, account transactions, payments etc. via a mobile device such as a mobile phone. The present study aims to identify and investigate the acceptance o f mobile banking among customers in Coimbatore City. This study based on primary data collected from 100 respondents through a questionnaire indicates the effective role to be played by the banking sector to create awareness on mobile banking among its customers and also to provide trust and security in using mobile banking.
- ItemArea, Production and Productivity of Cotton Ton in Coimbatore District(2012) Ambiga Devi, P
- ItemAn Assessment of Poverty and Living Standards of Irulas (A Primitive Tribal Group In Tamil Nadu)(2011) Ambiga Devi, PThe tribal population identified as the aboriginal inhabitants of India are seen in almost every state of India. There are some distinct backward groups among the tribal communities, who live more or less in isolation, inaccessible terrain and maintain a lifestyle that remains static through centuries. The population of these socially isolated tribal communities small in size and referred to as the primitive tribal groups (PTG) are in the lowest strata of the general tribes. In Tamil Nadu, hulas are one of the primitive tribal groups and a major scheduled tribe. Since the hulas are forest dwellers, they are quite familiar with the jungle produce, which they barter with the. other tribai communities. The present study is an attempt to study the prevalence of poverty among the hulas in the Nilgiris district. A detailed Interview schedule was prepared containing questions on the socioeconomic and demographic features of the tribals; their health details, political and general awareness. The data were collected from the selected households In the month of October of 2008. The study brings out the widespread poverty, illiteracy, malnutrition, amongst the primitive tribal communities in the Nilgiris district.
- ItemAwarness of Trbal Developmental Progarmmes(2011) Ambiga Devi, P
- ItemThe Challenges of Technical Infrasturture in E Banking(2011) Ambiga Devi, PThe internet is transforming the banking and financial industi^ in terms of the nature of core products and services and the way these are packaged, proposed, delivered and consumed (Sathye, 1999). This technological change has impacted many industries but one of the most impacted is the banking industry. To face the new challenge from competition, it is essential that banks have to be more efficient and that they have to explore new distribution channel which is less costly compared to the traditional brick and mortar bank. The current paper is an attempt to perceive the customers views on the adoption and non adoption of using internet banking (IB). The study found that the main hindrance in the adoption of IB is the security concerns that the consumers have. With the proper safety and security measures and educating the people on the importance of IB in its speedy delivery, IB will become the delivery channel of banking services.
- ItemCustomers' Perception of E-Banking: Factor Analysis(2010) Ambiga Devi, PNowadays banks are working hard to attract customers and retain their market share by providing them with various innovative services through e-banking. The banks are combining nev/ electronic delivery channels almost everyday to their existing services. Bank services arc now just at the distance ot one click from the mouse. Though e-banking is getting popular and spreading very fast, in India most people do not know it and people who know about. It are reluctant to use it due to misconceptions like password hacking, privacy, security etc. The present study Investigates the level of awareness among the customers on the use cf e-banking and their expectations from e-hanking. From the findings of the study, it was inferred that the customers are satisfied with the quality of e-banking services. But they face technical as well as administrative and procedural problems. Further to promote e-banking services, it is of Importance that the banks must ensure quality in customer service. 'Quality in work'and 'satisfaction of the customers' are the tv/o key wo'-ds, which must be given sternest attention to promote a product.
- ItemDeterminants of Agricultural Credit Constraint A Micro Level Analysis(2010) Ambiga Devi, PIn India. < oinmcrcial l>Ai»k.s. ct>-o|>craliv«* and /CjraJ Lanks wf/i* l)je condnii for providing agficidlurr (r^^lil- l lmugh ihr U>laJ agrirnUnral rrcdii of institutional agt‘Mcirs liad inrre.tsci} fmm }{.s HHS) rrotr in 1‘J70-1971 to crorr in 2yO'L'200.S. Idl iIm: year iOO.LiOO'l, the private' wtlor ami pul>Ii( MrClor (.onimcrcial banks dit/ tiol iudiieve the* larg<’t lending (18 percent net bank, cretilt) lo ibe agri«uUufal s<‘Ctor fixed fty the Uc^ervp Hank of Imiia. Arounrt 60 jMrrcent of tfic worhiny' ^■apila} of tlnr farnters WHM not nnanccn agriciitlural sector in a (fiseipiifibrimu tnarket condition are v«:ry ltinitc
- ItemDeterminants of Credit Allocation in Aricultural Sector in Coimbatore District(2012) Ambiga Devi, P; Gandhimathi, SThe diversification of a large fraction of bank credit from the traditional sector to the priority sector is a remarkable feature of credit deployment In the post nationalization era. Due to various policy measures of the government the priority sector lending had increased considerably. The priority sector lending witnessed a growth of 18 per cent in 2010-11 over the year 2009-2010. However, the growth of agricultural advances decelerated to 9 per cent in 2010-11 as compared with the growth of 23 per cent in 2009- 2010. In 2010-11, at the aggreg(^te level, banks have lent more than 40 per cent of their Adjusted Net Bank Credit to priority sectors. The sub-target prescribed for agricuiture at 18 per cent of Adjusted Net Bank Credit was also achieved by banks in 2010- ll(Report on trend and progress of banking, 2011). The bank-wise data on priority sector advances as per cent ofANBC, ho wever, indicated that seven out of 26 public sector banks were not able to meet the priority sector lending target of 40 per cent of ANBC in 2010^ 11. Further, it is a concern that 18 out of 26 public sector banks could not meet the target set for agricultural advances in 2010-11. Among the private sector banks, only one bank could not meet the priority sector lending target'in 2010- 11. However, ten private sector banks did not meet the target set for agricultural advances in 2010-11. Foreign banks have a slightly different norm for priority sector lending as the target for them is set at 32 per cent ofANBC. Further, export credit is a part of priority sector lending of foreign banks. In 2010-11, at the aggregate level, foreign banks achieved the target of priority sector lending. However, at the bank-level, nfpw banks cniPH not meet the priority sector lending cent os compared with the industry average of 22 per cent in 2010-11 (Report on trend and progress of banking, 2011). In this backdrop, an attempt was made to identify the factors determining credit allocation in agricultural sector in Coimbatore district. The factor analysis shows that,among the ten variables, only the number of marginal farmers, the number of agricultural labourers, the number of large formers and the total area under cultivation could be selected to. represent the respective factor components. The Bankers must consider the above four factors in credit allocation to the blocks. Among these factors, only the variables such as the number of large farmers was statistically significant to influence credit allocation among blocks.
- ItemDeterminants of Demand for Credit in Agriculture(2014) Ambiga Devi, PThe present three-tier system o f co-operative institutional structure for short and r r -a um tem loans and a separate co-operative institutional set up for long term loan came to be permanently estabUsh.ec ;n the late thirties. But the co-operatives could not meet even one-tenth o f the credit needed by the farmers in 1951-52 cs estimated by All India Rural Credit Survey Committee (195152). This led to the intensification o f the co-operatives' credit activities during the hrst three five year plans. Despite intensive efforts, the institutional sources met only 18.70 per cent (co-operatives 15.5 per cent) o f credit needs o f farmers in 1961 62. In 1969, the government made a significant shift away from a single agetrcy approach to the multi-agency approach invcTrng commercial banks on a large scale iri the provision of institutional agricultural credit. Commercial banks, which were foilo'wing urban 'entered lending ) policy, were to involve in the process o f rural developmerU through their lending to the priority sector. A mandate to this effect was given by the nationalization of 14 major commercial banks in July 1969 and another six banks in April 1980. Subsequently, the regional rural banks were established in 1975 to focus special attention on the marginal and small farmers, agricultural labourers and rural artisans. Further the National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NA8ARD) v/as set up in 1982 to refinance all institutional agencies such as commercial banks. Regional Rural Banks and co-operative banks. To strengthen the existing rural credit delivery system, the Service Area Approach (SAA) to rural lending was accepted as the National Policy in 1989. The kisan credit card system was introduced in 1997tomcrea'sethe flow of agricultural credit to the farmers. Due to the above policy measures, the institutional credit had increased considerably. The formal sector consisting ofco-operdth/es, commercial banks and the Regional Rural Banks is the main conduit fdr providing agricultural credit. Td conclude, higher amount of croploandemand was noticed for small farmers. The marginal farmers had demanded for higher amount o f investment Idan. Hence the size oflatid holding had negative relationship with the demand for credit. The higher the size of land had reduced the demand credit.
- ItemDeterminants of Demand for Money (Mi) using Cointegration Approach(2016) Ambiga Devi, PEstimating the demand for money in an economy and understanding its relationship with various macroeconomic variables is an essential element in the planning of the issue and , distribution of currency (Nachane et ai, 2013). The penetration of several innovative instruments in the financial sector has changed the behavior and relationship of demand for money. Understanding the significance of estimating money demand function in this evolving financial innovation era, this paper attempts to analyze the major determinants of demand for money via Mi for India for the period 2005-06 to 2014-15. The demand for Ml was estimated applying the Johansen's Cointegration Technique and the estimated results revealed that there existed long run relationship among the explanatory variables of the function, with specific reference to debit cards that form the major substitute for cash in the country. The findings suggests that the financial innovations in the banking sector have influenced the demand for money, specifically Mi, indicating that the transaction demand for money in India is influenced by the innovations.
- ItemDetermination of Borrowing Behaviour of Farmers - A Micro Level Analysis(2011) Ambiga Devi, P
- ItemDeterminats of Borrwing Behaviour of Farmers(2012) Ambiga Devi, PAgriculture contributed 19 percent of gross domestic product in India. Agricultural credit is the major input in agriculture (Economic Survey, 2009). There is a strong relationship between agricultural credit and agricultural production. Many of the studies had established this relationship (Feder et al, 1990, Foldz,2004). The Reserve Bank of India fixed a target lending of 18 percent net bank credit to the agricultural sector (Report on trend and progress of banking, 2009). The Approach Paper to the Eleventh Five Year Plan has set a target of 4 per cent for the agriculture sector within the overall GDP growth target of 9 per cent. In this context, the need for affordable, sufficient and timely supply of institutional credit to agriculture has assumed critical importance. In India a multi-agency approach comprising co-operative banks, scheduled commercial banks and RRBs has been followed for purveying credit to agricultural sector. The policy of agricultural credit is guided mainly by the considerations of ensuring adequate and timely availability of credit at reasonable rates through the expansion of institutional framework, its outreach and scale as also by way of directed lending. The demand for agricultural credit arises due to i) lack of simultaneity between the realisation of income and act of expenditure; ii) lumpiness of investment in fixed capital formation; and Hi) stochastic surges in capital needs and saving that accompany technological innovations. Credit, as one of the critical non-land inputs, has two-dimensions from the viewpoint of its contribution to the augmentation of agricultural growth viz., availability of credit (the quantum) and the distribution of credit. In backdrop, an attempt was made to identify the determinants of borrowing behaviour of farmers. To conclude, the per borrower crop loan was higher for the medium farmers and lower for the marginal farmers. It was found that there was positive relationship between the amount of loan and farm size except for the semi-medium and large farmers. The amount of Per borrower investment loan was found to be highest for large farmers. The estimated borrowing function explained 67 percent of the variations in the amount borrowed in terms of the socio-economic characteristics of the farmers. Of the variables taken into account, only the land size emerged as significant variable in explaining the variations in the borrowing behavior in the study area.
- ItemEconomoic Impact of Migration(2010) Ambiga Devi, P
- ItemAn Emprical Analysis on Quality of life of migrants in Tirruipur City(2012) Ambiga Devi, PMigration is die movement o f people from one place to anodier place, which could be voluntarily chosen to search for new and better opportunities or forced to escape negative or dangerous situation. There has been a steady increase in India in the number of migrants. In the year 1961 there were about 144 million migrants by place o f birth and in 2001 it has increased to 307 million. Various reasons arc attributed to the reasons on migration. The working and living conditions o f the Migrants, who could easily be absorbed in informal activities in urban areas are far from satisfactory. The present study is an attempt to find out the reasons for migration and titeir living conditions. To carry out die study, 100 migrants in Tirupur cits' were selected at random and administeriiig an interview .schedule data for the study was collected during the mondi o f November 2011. The current study exhibits that economic factors outweigh social factors for the people to migrate. It further corroborates the Todaros model o f migration which says that migration takes place because o f differences in expected wage rates. The analysis reveals that the qualits’ of life o f the sample migrant households is far from satisfactory.
- ItemImapact of PublicPrivate Partnership in Infrastructure Inclusive Growth in India(2011) Ambiga Devi, PDevelopment o f an economy depends on the quantum o f investment made on infrastructure. Before economic reforms infrastrubture development was considered to be the domain o f the government. Since economic reforms o f 1991, it was realized that the government alone could not meet the financial requirements o f infrastructure and that the participation o f private sector is also essential. To have sustained growth, India should avoid the mistake o f reducing investment in infrastructure made by many Latin American and East'Asian countries in the 1990s when they faced financial crises. Reducing investment in infrastructure turned out to be a short-sighted fiscal solution, making it all the more difficult for these countries to get out o f recession. India faces extraordinary challenges in achieving its ambitious medium-term infrastructure investment program, anchored in the Government o f India’s XI Five-Year Plan (2007-12) document. The plan has estimated that US$492 billion is needed over the next five years in improving roads, raihvays, ports, power, and water. This would require almost doubling infrastructure spending from its current 5 percent o f GDP. In this backdrop, an attempt was made to analyse the impact o f public private partnership in infrastructure on inclusive growth in India. The findings o f the study show that the increase in the number o f projects in infrastriiciure under public private partnership could bring inclusive growth in the states. The value o f the projects was not a matter to contribute to inclusive grow’th o f the states.
- ItemImpact of Watershed Intervention Technology on Agricultural Farm Households - An Application of Economic Surplus Model(2013) Ambiga Devi, P; Parvathi, CWatershed hitervention Technology (WIT) is a composite approach to an efficient use of land and water resources so as to get optimum production from them and also to preserve the soil from deterioration and future utility (Ministry of Water Resources,2010). Watershed development structures play a significant role in groundwater recharge. These structures enhance soil moisture regime, enrich soil fertility and thereby promote ecological balance through conservation of eco system. The International Water Management Institute (IWMI) forecasts that by the year 2025, 33 per cent of hidia’s population will live under absolute water scarcity condition. Further the World Bank estimates that by the year 2025, one person in three, i.e, 3.25 billion people in 52 countries will live under conditions of water shortage. Watershed development is gaining momentum and the fanners adopt various watershed inteiwention technologies for their farm activities. Hence this study is an attempt to assess how the watershed intervention teclmology is carried out in selected blocks in Coimbatore district. To evaluate the impact of watershed intervention technology on the economic welfare of the farm households. The model is based on the Marshallian theory of economic surplus (demand and supply). The study established that with WIT the farmers as ‘producers’ realise ‘surplus’ eompared to farmers as ‘consumers’, leading to socio economic upliftment of the farmers. Further the study reveals that participatory watershed management could be a viable strategy of rural development for achieving sustainable rural livelihoods in India.
- ItemIndia's Foreign Trade in the Post Reform Period(2015) Ambiga Devi, P; Gandhimathi, S
- ItemInter State Disparities in India: Linkages between Human Development and Economic Indicators(2014) Ambiga Devi, PIndia characterized as one of the emerging super power, constitute about 17% of world population, accounting for about 3.')% of the poor and 40% of the illiterates At the time of independence considerable differences in economic and social development of different regions of the country existed One of the mam objectives of the planning process initiated in the early 1950's was to reduce these regional differences and to achieve regionally balanced development There are more poor and illiterates today, and our IMR is about 60 per 1000 live births, which is one of the highest in the world The current study tries to analyze interstate disparities in levels of income and features of HDI An attempt was made to trace the causes of relatively low levels of income of some slates Stales with low values of indicators of human development were identified and on that basis backward regions were demarcated
- ItemPoverty Among Panians a Priminant Trbal Group in the Nilgris District(2012) Ambiga Devi, P; Gandhimathi, SEconomic growth with social Justice' or 'growth with equity’ has been the basic objective o f public policy in India since independence. It refers to a broad based strategy of_development with an emphasis on reduction of poverty. The extent to which the poor have actually benefited from the growth process has always been an issue of academic debate. The available data shows that the percentage o f paar in India had declined from 54.9pe.rcent in, 1973-74 23,6 percent In 2QQd (ftatlonal Sample Survey, 2004). But in a plural society , like India, with people o f different castes and religions, it is equally important to focus on ‘koriz.on.tai: inequalities', (i.e.) disparities between certain identifiable groups in the economy. In India, 'scheduled tribes' is a historically marginalized social gro.up. In 2004^05 the scheduled castes and scheduled tribes constituted 25.4 percent of the total population o f India (NSS,, 6 f Round). Among these two groups, while scheduled castes suffer from social stigma due to untouchability scheduled tribes have been characterized by their, primitive traits, distinct culture, geographical isolation and general backwardness. A,gainst this backdrop, the present study analyses t'ne prevalence o f poverty among the Panidns a primitive tribal groups in the Nilgiris district in Tamil Nadu.