Eco Frtendl Approaches for Sustainable Agriculture
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Date
2012
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Abstract
Green revolution technologies have more than doubled the yield potential of rice and wheat, especially
in Asia. These high input production systems requiring massive qualities of fertilizers, pesticides,
irrigation and maclunes, however, disregard the ecological integnty of land, forests and water resources,
endanger the flora and fauna and cannot be sustained over generations. To a great extent, future
food security and economic independence of developing countries would depend on improving the
productivity of biophysical resources through the application of sustainable prodtiction methods,
by improving tolerance of crops to adverse environmental conditions and by reducing crop and
post-haiA'est losses caused by pest and diseases.Indigenous agricultural practices can play a keyrole
in the design of sustainable and eco-friendly agricultural systems, increasing the likelihood that
the rural population will accept, develop and maintain imiovations and interventions. In tliis context,
that eco-friendly methods are being considered as environmentally safe, selective, biodegradable,
economical and renewable alternative for u.se in organic farming system. Organic farming implies,
that the use of organic nutrients and adoption of nahiral methods of plant protection in place of
fertilizers and pesticides. To the maximum extent feasible organic farming system rely upon crop
rotations, crop residues, animal manures, legumes, green manures, mineral baring rocks and aspects
of biological pest control to maintain soil productivity and tilth to supply plant nutrients and to
control insects, weed and other pests. Hence, realizing the importance of sustainable agriculture of
farming systems that are environmentally sound, profitable production and maintain the social fabric
of the rural community, this study was undertaken to establish and enhance rural environment and
agricultural practices.